Molds are microscopic fungi that live on organic materials such as; food, plants, paper and some building materials. In order to grow and survive, mold needs a food source, water, oxygen and a temperature range, generally, from 40°F to 100° F. Molds secrete a digestive fluid that decomposes organic materials thus creating a nutrient source (food). While Molds prefers a damp surface, they can survive in areas with high humidity and no direct water source.

Molds are naturally occurring organisms in the environment and are present everywhere. The reproductive organisms of the mold are called spores. Mold spreads through the dissemination of microscopic spores that can travel on currents of air. They will attach themselves to organic materials such as plywood, carpet and sheet rock and to inorganic materials such as; concrete, metal or glass. Mold cannot get nutrients form these inorganic materials but it can survive there provided that it has a food source.

Spores can be inhaled, ingested and absorbed through the skin. Spores can cause allergy-like symptoms in people ranging from minor to severe, depending upon the amount of mold and the type of mold present. People with lowered immune systems such as infants, young children, the elderly and those with asthma and allergies are particularly susceptible to the effects of mold. Certain molds create strong chemicals called mycotoxins. Mycotoxins in such molds as penicillium can be used in medicines to kill bacteria. Unfortunately, other mycotoxins can cause illness in humans. Several factors determine the extent of illnesses caused by mycotoxins. These factors include; the type of mold, the amount of mold, and how each individual immune system protects a person against these chemicals.

If you suspect the presence of mold in your office, building or residence, a trained professional should be hired to investigate the problem.